Preparing children for school at home: developmental tasks, games, exercises, tests. Psychological and emotional preparation of children for school: testing

Looking for games to prepare your child for school? In the section “Comprehensive program of activities for preparing for school” we have collected a large number of various educational games for preparing for school, dividing them into lessons for convenience. Each lesson includes tasks for: development of thinking, development of attention, development of memory, learning to count.

Our entertaining lessons will help parents and teachers prepare their children for school in a playful way.

Before starting the next lesson, familiarize yourself with it. Try to assess the degree of difficulty of the tasks. Explain the conditions in your own words, ask questions to make sure your child understands them. If there are difficulties, ask leading questions that encourage the child to think independently, do not give ready-made answers. Together with your little student, rejoice at the solution you have found.

Preparation for school. Part 1. As a rule, teachers and parents believe that in order to prepare a preschooler for school and develop school skills, it is necessary and sufficient to teach him to read syllables, count, and also develop fine motor skills, thereby preparing your hand for writing. In fact, in order for a child to successfully master the school curriculum, he, first of all, needs to develop the intellect as a whole: perception, memory, attention, thinking, imagination, speech. The best way to do this is in the game. The educational games we offer for activities with children will help you objectively assess the level of intellectual development your child and independently organize the preparation of your preschooler for school. The most important thing is to understand that preparing for school is a long and creative process in which there is no place for drills, cramming and boring conversations. Preparation for school must begin in advance and be carried out regularly, individually for each child, because each child has his own developmental characteristics.

Preparation for school. Part 2 The second part of our online programs classes to prepare for school expands and complements the topics of the first part. The tasks in this section are aimed at developing skills and abilities to solve complex problems of analysis, synthesis and classification, and working with sets. Much attention is paid to the development of school skills, for example, the ability to work according to rules. This is due to the fact that recently the requirements for future first-graders have increased significantly. In addition, today almost every primary school training is practiced using one or another alternative development method. This means that you cannot do without special preparation of children for school. Agree that your child needs a high level of intellectual development not only for studying in the first grade, it increases his competitive advantages for life, and our tasks are ultimately aimed at this.

Preparation for school. Entertaining lessons on the computer

The section contains 75 entertaining computer tasks divided into 25 lessons, all tasks are designed for older children preschool age. When developing the tasks in this section, we took into account guidelines State Scientific and Methodological Center of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Lessons on the computer are held in a fun, playful way. Each lesson includes tasks for the development of logical and mathematical abilities and learning to count, as well as a task for learning to read. Computer lessons develop attention, memory, school skills and thinking (logical, spatial, visual-figurative).

Preparation for school. Part 1

Target: to give a general concept of human speech, the formation of positive motivation for cognitive activity. Formation of graphic skills. Repetition and writing of the letters A, O, U, Y, I.

Material: hedgehog, cat, dog, worksheet. Cards with letters A, O, U. Pencils.

- Here, here, here! Hey guys, who's coming towards us? (show the children the hedgehog)
- Hedgehog, why did you come to us?
- Shu-shu-shu, fir-fir-fir!!!
- Guys, did you understand anything what the hedgehog said?
- Hedgehog, repeat it again.
- Shu-shu-shu, fir-fir-fir!!!
- Nothing is clear.
- Meow meow meow.
Oh, who came to us? (the teacher takes out a cat from under the table)
- Woof woof woof.
Oh, who else is coming to us? (the teacher takes out a dog from under the table)
- Guys, did you understand what the animals told us? (no) And I didn’t understand.
- Do you understand me? (Yes). Let's go play on the carpet.
- Let's jump, stomp, clap. You understand me, because you and I have human speech, with the help of which we communicate.

The teacher asks the children to name an action one by one. Children name and perform it together with the teacher (let's dance, spin, etc.).

- You speak and everyone understands you too. Why do we need speech? To communicate. But what if people are far from each other? You can write a letter. Writing is also speech, which we write down using letters. You and I will learn to master our speech correctly: speak correctly, write words and sentences, and also read!
- Listen to the words that I will tell you now: STORK, ABC, ARCH. What sound do all these words begin with? That's right, from sound A.
- And this is a letter that stands for the sound A. (The teacher shows a card with the letter A). Trace the letter with your finger. Draw with your finger on the table. Draw with me in the air.
- Now listen to the following words and name the first sound: CLOUD, DONKEY, WASPS.
- What sound did you hear? Sound O. And this is the letter O, which represents the sound O in writing. (The teacher shows a card with the letter O). What does this letter look like?

- Today we will remember one more sound and letter. Listen to the words and highlight the first sound: MIND, DUCK, MUSTACHE.
- What sound did you hear? This is the sound of U. And this is the letter U, which represents the sound of U in writing. (The teacher shows a card with the letter U).
- Trace the letter U with your finger. Draw on the table. Draw in the air.
- Now we’ll write all these letters!

Children trace the letters A O U in the worksheets. The teacher makes sure that the children move from left to right and from top to bottom, without missing letters in the lines.

- Listen to the words that I will tell you now: NEEDLE, TURKEY. What sound do all these words begin with? That's right, from the sound I.
- And this is the letter that stands for the sound I. (The teacher shows a card with the letter I). Trace the letter with your finger. Draw with your finger on the table. Draw with me in the air.
- Now listen to the following words and name the same sound that occurs in each word: SOAP, BULL, LYNX, SKI.
- What sound did you hear? Sound Y. And this is the letter Y, which represents the sound Y in writing. (The teacher shows a card with the letter Y). What does this letter look like?
- Trace the letter with your finger. Draw on the table. Draw in the air.
- Circle the letters Y, I on the worksheets.

Children trace the letters Y and I on the worksheets. The teacher makes sure that the child’s hand moves from left to right and from top to bottom, without missing letters in the lines.

Learning to read. Sound analysis of words. Sound I

Material

The teacher asks the children to name what is shown in the pictures.

- Color the objects whose names begin with the sound I.
- What pictures will you color? Why?
- Say the words so that the sound I is clearly heard.

Learning to read. Sound analysis of words. Place of the Y sound in words

Material: worksheet, colored pencils.

- I know, and you know, that there are no words starting with the sound Y.
- But in words this sound occurs often. It can be heard in the middle or end of a word.
- Come up with your own words with the sound Y, and tell where the sound is, in the middle or at the end.
- If the sound ы is in the middle of a word, put a dot in the middle of the line with a red pencil, if at the end of the word, at the end of the line.
- Thank you, guys, for introducing Masha to the sounds and letters Y, I.

We draw the children's attention to the fact that in the word skis the sound Y is in the middle and end of the word.

Number series. Count to 20

Let's count to 20. Get your hands ready. We will clap our hands together and count together for each clap.

The teacher counts together with the children.

Outdoor game. Days of the week

Children stand in a circle.

On Monday I swam (pretend swimming)

And on Tuesday I painted. (Pretend to be drawing)

On Wednesday I took a long time to wash my face, (wash my face)

And on Thursday I played football. (Running in place)

On Friday I was jumping, running, (jumping)

I danced for a very long time. (We're spinning in place)

And on Saturday, Sunday (claps hands)

I rested the whole day. (Children squat down, hands under cheek - fall asleep)

Mathematics "Equality and Inequality"

Target: develop the ability to understand quantitative relationships between numbers within 10, write them using the signs “equal” and “unequal”.

Materials: a bowl with 5 apples and 5 carrots for each child (either wooden or cut out of cardboard), = and signs, 2 plates for each child. Bunny is a toy.

1. Harvest.

- Let's help the bunny harvest.
- Place 1 apple on one plate and 1 carrot on the other. How many apples? How many carrots? (One by one). So there are equal numbers of apples and carrots.
- To show that the number of objects is the same, the “equal” sign is used.

The teacher shows a sign to the children.

Place this sign between the plates.

- It turned out one equals one.
- Place another apple on the plate next to the apple. Is it possible to leave the equal sign? (No)
- Why? (Two is not equal to one).
- Right. In order to show that the number of objects is not equal to each other, the “unequal” sign is used.

The teacher shows the appropriate sign.

- How do the signs “equal” and “unequal” differ from each other?
- Let's now put an inequality sign between the plates.
- It turned out that two is not equal to one.
- Place another carrot on the plate. What sign should I put up? (Equalities)

Children read the recording independently.

- Now put the carrots and apples on the plates yourself and put the desired sign between them, read the entry.

2. The teacher gives out a worksheet.

Look at the task with carrots. Place an equal or inequality sign between the carrots.

The world. Vegetables and fruits

Target: development of mental actions of analysis-synthesis, generalization.

Material: dummies of vegetables and fruits that lie in a bag, two bowls.

The teacher organizes a game on the carpet.

Masha decided to ask us riddles, listen to them and answer the questions.
- What is more in the forest: fir trees or trees?
- What is more in the garden: vegetables or potatoes?
- Who is more in kindergarten: girls or children?
- Masha brought us a bag, let's see what's in it.

Children take turns taking an object out of the bag and calling it.

- Oh, how many vegetables and fruits were in the bag.
- Let's put the vegetables in one bowl and the fruits in another.

Children name and sort vegetables and fruits.

- Well done, we have sorted everything out for you.

Massage break. My little finger, where have you been?

We put on and remove the spring ring on all fingers in turn.

My little finger, where have you been?

With the nameless one I cooked cabbage soup,

And with the average one I ate porridge,

He sang with his index finger.

And the big one met me

And he treated me to candy,

The big one on the right danced

And he invited me to dance.

Index on the right

He led the whole horde of us on a hike.

The middle brother carries a backpack,

Nameless walks like this.

And the little finger began to play,

Invite brothers to listen. (Clap your hands to the rhythm of the poem)

One two three four five!

Development of thinking. Combinatorics. Bunny houses

Target: development of combinatorial thinking.

Material: worksheet, pencils.

- The bunny has two houses. Look how the bunny decided to paint the walls of the houses.
- Let's first look at a house with geometric shapes: a circle, a square and a triangle.
- We will help the bunny paint the walls of the house, and for this we need to complete the figures so that they do not repeat in the lines. (If children have no idea about the concept of “line,” then the teacher explains).

The teacher writes the first line together with the children so that the essence of the task becomes clear to them.

Children independently “paint” the walls of the second house.

Speech development. Unfinished story "The Button"

Target: development of imagination, development of speech.

Materials: text that we read aloud to children.

“Once upon a time there was a stationery Button. Once it fell into the hands of an evil boy, who began to place it on the children’s chair. When they sat down on the chair and jumped up as if stung, the boy laughed disgustingly. The Button really didn’t like its role. And Here..."

Think about what you would do if you were Button. The story should begin like this: “I, Button, came up with this…”

Outdoor game. Charging - warming up

Children stand in a circle.

To begin with, you and I

We only turn our heads. (Slow head rotations)

We also rotate the body. (turns right - left)

Of course we can do this.

And now we squat. (We squat)

We understand perfectly well -

You need to strengthen your legs

One two three four five!

Finally reached out

Up and to the sides. (Stretching)

We caved in. (Lean forward)

Formation of knowledge about the surrounding world. Days of the week

Target: formation of knowledge about the days of the week, formation of temporary ideas.

The teacher and children repeat the days of the week in chorus, bending their fingers.

- How many days of the week are there? Why do you think we need to know the names of the days of the week?

Then the teacher asks each child the name of the days of the week and helps if necessary.

- Now, let's play a little with the days of the week! If yesterday was Friday, then today...
- Before Thursday there was...
- Every Sunday we go to the park and yesterday we went too. What day of the week is today?
- I came to work in the morning, and when I return home...

Mathematics. Equality and inequality

Target: continue to teach to understand quantitative relationships between numbers within 10, write them using signs.

Materials: a bowl with 5 circles and 5 squares for each child, equal and not equal signs, 2 plates for each child, a doll.

Let's help the doll Masha arrange the figures.

Place 2 circles on one plate and 3 squares on another. Which sign should be equal or unequal? (unequal) Why? (Because 3 is greater than 2). Read the entry. (Two is not equal to three).

In the same way we make up 5 more equalities or inequalities.

Finger gymnastics. Animals

Good animals are friends (the fingers are joined into a “lock”).

Small bunnies are friends (rhythmic touching of the little fingers of both hands).

The beavers are friends in the lake, (rhythmic touch ring fingers both hands).

Mosquitoes are friends in the sky (rhythmic touching of the middle fingers of both hands).

Cute hedgehogs are friends (rhythmic touching of the index fingers of both hands).

Even the cubs are friends (rhythmic touching of the thumbs of both hands).

This is how it played out

They ran through the forest! (lower your arms, shake your hands)

Preparing your hand for writing. Wavy lines. beds

Target: development of grapho-motor functions.

Materials: worksheet (see above), pencils.

Trace the wavy lines.

The teacher assigns homework to the children.

Parting

Goodbye, goodbye, come to us again,

Goodbye, goodbye, you're very good.

Goodbye, goodbye, come to us again.

Goodbye, goodbye - we'll have fun playing!

Does your baby absolutely not want to look at the letters in the alphabet?
Is your child about to start first grade, but can he be forced to read only under pain of being “excommunicated” from the computer?
Don’t know how to organize classes with a preschooler in such a way as to save your nerves and not completely discourage his interest in reading?

These and other problems in teaching preschoolers to read can be solved by organizing classes in a playful way. For preschool children, play is the leading form of activity. Therefore, engaging with a preschooler by playing different games is the easiest and most effective method teach him to read.

Before we talk about what games are best to play with your child when learning to read, we will give some general tips on organizing classes.

Exercise regularly! Let the classes be short (5-10 minutes), but daily. This is much more effective for preschoolers than 45-minute lessons once a week.
Exercise everywhere. To learn to read, you don't necessarily have to sit your child at a table with books. You can learn letters in the park while taking a walk, drawing them with chalk on the asphalt or looking at signs, helping mom make cookies in the shape of letters, or studying license plates of cars in the parking lot, etc.
Exercise when your child feels well: he has slept, is active and is ready for new games and activities.
Constantly create situations of success for your child, praise him more often, focus his attention on what he has accomplished, and do not dwell on failures. Classes should be a joy for the child!

And one more thing you definitely need to know when starting to learn to read is in the article on.

What games can you play on different stages teaching preschoolers to read?

1. Studying letters.

If a child has trouble remembering letters, The best way to learn them is to “revive” them, to create a vivid association with each letter. You and your child can come up with what this or that letter looks like, or use a variety of materials from the Internet and modern alphabet books.

For example, bright, memorable images of letters for children can be found in Elena Bakhtina’s primer (this book contains not only colorful pictures and recommendations on how to tell a child about each letter, but also colorful templates - letters from this primer can be cut out and played with) .

On the Internet, you can find a lot of coloring pages for children with letters similar to this or that object.

It is also useful in the process of learning letters to repeat short verses that help you remember each letter:

Do you see the tail at the end?
So this is the letter C.

The letter B is like a hippopotamus –
She has a big belly!

G looks like a goose -
The entire letter was bent.

D - a tall house with a roof!
This is the house we live in.

And the poor letter Y
He walks with a cane, alas!

In my work, I use various “reminders” that children associate with one or another letter. You can actively use them in home lessons or come up with your own.

It is very useful to have a special notebook or album in which the letter you have learned will “live” on each page. In this album you can also teach your child to write, paste pictures with words on the desired letter, add poems and coloring pages, creating a selection of materials for each letter. Children are very interested in the process of joint creativity, so actively involve them in creating such an album.

Another option is to make a letter house. Choose any size: it can be very small, made from a couple of cardboard sheets, or huge, as tall as a child. The main thing about it is the special pocket windows for letters. In each “apartment” of the letter house, place a letter with your child. To do this, you will need cardboard letters slightly smaller than each window. Mark in any way which apartments already have “residents” and which ones are still empty.

Attach the already learned letters to the outside of the windows (using paper clips) and invite the child to arrange pictures with words into the studied letters in the windows. For example, “treat” the letters: give the child images of products that he must distribute to the desired “apartments”: put a watermelon\apricot in the window with the letter A, a loaf, an eggplant - in the window with the letter B, waffles\grapes - with the letter B and etc.

Similarly, you can visit letters with fairy-tale characters (Pinocchio - to the letter B, Thumbelina - to the letter D, Mowgli - to the letter M, etc.), “dress” the letters (take the T-shirt to the letter F, jeans to the letter D, pants - letter Ш, etc.).

The main goal of this game is to teach the child to identify the first letter in a word and easily recognize letters already completed.

Various lotto and domino games are also great for learning letters. It is better to use lotto without picture prompts, this way learning will be much more effective. You can easily make such a lotto yourself. To do this, prepare sheets with 6-8 pictures on each and cardboard cards with the necessary letters. Let the child draw cards, read the letters and show which player has the picture for the dropped letter.

2. Add the syllables.

Teaching your child to form syllables may take a little longer than learning letters. The child will have to repeat various syllables many, many times before he masters this skill. So that learning is not a burden for him, but a joy, we continue to play with him. Only now we are playing games with syllables. The main task of this stage is to teach the child to pronounce two letters together.

In addition to syllable lotto, which can be made using the same principle as letter lotto, you can use other homemade games for children to teach them how to add syllables.

— Adventure games (“tracks”).

Adventure games have been and remain one of the most exciting games for children. To make such a game with syllables, take the playing field from any board game. Write various syllables in the empty cells/circles (write in more of those that are difficult for the child). Then play according to the usual rules: roll the dice and go through the squares, reading what is written on them. This way, the child will be able to read fairly long passages with syllables that he would “overcome” in a regular primer with great difficulty.

By analogy with adventure games, you can make various tracks with syllables, on which various vehicles will compete: who will pass the track without mistakes and as quickly as possible. To do this, you will need cardboard / whatman paper on which a route with syllables will be drawn, and toy cars / trucks / trains / airplanes. Remember that it is very easy to captivate children by adding a competitive aspect to the lessons.

— Games “Shop” and “Mail”.

Prepare coins - circles with written syllables, as well as goods - pictures with products / things that begin with these syllables. You play first as a seller: invite your child to buy something from you on the condition that he will offer the correct coin for the selected product (for example, he can buy cabbage for a coin with the syllable KA, kiwi for a coin with the syllable KI, corn for a coin with the syllable KU, etc.).

Then you can switch roles: you are the buyer, the child is the seller. He must carefully monitor whether you are giving the correct coins for the selected product. Sometimes make a mistake, let your child correct you. The buyer can also be any toy; invite your child to teach her how to correctly name coins with syllables.

Very similar game- “Mail”, only instead of coins you prepare envelopes with syllables, and instead of goods - pictures with animals or fairy-tale characters. The child will be a postman, he must guess from the first syllable written on the envelope who the letter needs to be delivered to. In this game, it is best to read syllables that begin with the same consonant, so that the child does not guess the recipient by the first letter.

— Houses with syllables.

Draw several houses, write one syllable on each. Place the houses in front of the child. After that, take several figures of people and, calling the name of each of them, invite the child to guess who lives in which house (Vasya needs to be placed in the house with the syllable VA, Natasha - with the syllable NA, Lisa - with the syllable LI, etc.) .

Another option for this task: let the child come up with names for the little men, place them in houses and write the first syllable of the name on each of them.

Prepare cardboard cards with syllables, cut them into two equal halves horizontally. The child must put these “puzzles” together and name the resulting syllables.

Take several cards with two-syllable words (for example, FEATHER, VASE, CLOCK, FISH). To the left of the picture, place the first syllable of the word. You need to read it clearly, and the child must choose the last syllable correctly. 3-4 possible endings are laid out in front of the child.

More games for learning to read by syllables are in the article on.

3. Read words and sentences.

Learning to read words (and then sentences) already involves active work preschoolers with books, but this does not mean that we stop playing in class. On the contrary, “dilute” learning with games as often as possible, switch from one type of activity to another so that the child gets less tired and learning goes more efficiently. Remember: it is not enough to teach a child to read, it is important to instill in him a love of reading.
What games can be offered to parents of preschoolers at this stage of learning to read?

Lay out a trail of words in front of your child. Invite him to choose only “edible” words (or things that are green / things that have round shape/ only “live” words, etc.). If the track is long, you can take turns reading the words with your child.

Place cut out traces with words around the room (you can use ordinary sheets). Invite your child to walk from one end of the room to the other following these tracks: you can move further only by reading the word you are standing on. The child walks on them himself or with his favorite toy.

- Game "Airport" or "Parking".

In this game we train the attentiveness of preschoolers. Prepare several cards with very similar words so that the child does not guess the words, but carefully reads them to the end (for example, MOUTH, HORN, GROWTH, HORNS, ROSE, MOUTH, DEW). Place the cards around the room. These will be different airports/parking spaces. The child picks up an airplane (if you play airports) or a car (if you have a parking lot), after which you loudly and clearly call out exactly where he needs to land/park.

— Chains of words in which only one letter changes.

Prepare sheets of paper or an easel. Start writing a chain of words one at a time - change only one letter for each subsequent word, this will train your child to attentive, “tenacious” reading.

Examples of such chains:

WHALE - CAT - MOUTH - ROS - NOSE - CARRYING - DOG.
BOARD - DAUGHTER - NIGHT - KIDNEY - KIDNEYS - BARRELS - BARREL - HUMMUM.

Playing with a ball, with your favorite toys, to school, hospital or kindergarten- include all this in the process of learning to read. Actively come up with games yourself. Consider what your child is interested in and use that when you sit down to read with your child. Does your daughter love princesses? Ride a carriage along paths with letters/syllables/words. Does your son love superheroes? Make a training track for his favorite character. Invite your child to play school and teach him Teddy bear combine two letters into a syllable.

Change the games, carefully monitor what your child likes and what he gets tired of quickly, and then learning will be a joy for you and him! Remember that it is not at all difficult to interest preschoolers; they love to play and will be happy to help you come up with new games during the learning process.

Philologist, teacher of Russian language and literature, teacher preschool education
Svetlana Zyryanova

When a child is prepared for learning and takes initiative in studies and extracurricular activities, he will not have any difficulties in studying and communicating with classmates. This article will help you prepare your child for school at home and determine his level of knowledge and motivational readiness.

Parents of future first-graders are concerned about the question: is their child ready for school? After all, it is very important not just to send your child to first grade, but to do it on time - when the child is ready to attend an educational institution morally and sufficiently developed for this.

An error in determining a child’s readiness can be costly: reluctance to attend an educational institution, refusal to study lessons, depressive state, uncontrollable behavior - all this will be demonstrated by a first-grader who finds himself at school “at the wrong time.” To avoid trouble and prevent psychological trauma in a child, parents should be very attentive to the issue of whether the child’s level of knowledge and skills corresponds to modern requirements.

Requirements for preparing a child for school: list

By now, a whole list of what a future first-grader should know and be able to do has been compiled:

Confidently state your last name, first name and patronymic
Your date of birth
Home address
Full name of mother and father (grandmothers, grandfathers and other relatives - optional)
Parents' place of work
Famous poets and writers in the country
Holidays
Distinguish between the concepts: “forward - backward”, “right - left”
Days of the week
Colors and shades
Seasons (with months)
Traffic rules
Distinguish between domestic and wild animals, call their babies
Name garden, forest, and wildflowers
Name migratory and wintering birds
Distinguish fruits from vegetables
Know the professions
Name the types of transport and the method of its movement
Retell what you heard
Anwser the questions
Make up a story based on a picture
Make up fairy tales
Reciting poems by heart
Describe from memory
Copy text and picture
Finish sentences
Find an extra object, picture, word, letter
Solve riddles
Count from 0 to 10 and back
Know the composition of numbers
Distinguish between the concepts of “more” and “less”
Know the shapes
Write in boxes
Know letters and distinguish them from sounds
Identify the first and last letter (sound) in a word
Choose words starting with the given letter
Read simple words and syllables
Know when a sentence ends
Outline
Hold a pen

Despite the fact that a child must learn many of the listed skills in elementary school, testing before entering first grade is carried out precisely on these points.

Cognitive interest, quick reaction, non-standard and logical thinking will be formed in a preschooler if you regularly spend time with him math classes in a playful way.

In order for these lessons to bring benefit and joy to the child, parents should take into account:

child's age
level of training
ability to concentrate
interest in classes

Math classes– these are not monotonous examples and problems. To interest a child and diversify mathematics lessons, the following types of tasks should be used when working with preschoolers:

problems with geometric shapes
math riddles
tasks are jokes
puzzles

IMPORTANT: Any task must be selected individually, taking into account its degree of complexity and the child’s level of development.

Math games

"Houses". Draw 3 three-story houses, each on a separate sheet. Draw 3 windows on each floor. Randomly draw curtains in some windows. Tell your child that people already live in apartments where there are curtains. Ask him to move people onto the remaining floors so that each floor has an equal number of residents. Let him himself complete the colorful curtains in the windows of the apartments where he placed people. Then ask them to count which house has more residents.

"Drawings from geometric shapes". Draw any geometric shape on the sheet. Ask your child to come up with a drawing using the suggested figure. If the child does not understand the task, show, for example, how easily a circle can turn into a sun, a snowman or a car wheel.

"Connect the numbers." Ask your child to connect the numbers with lines. Explain that if he does this correctly, he will see the drawing. For children younger age use pictures with numbers up to 10, for older children - more complex pictures with numbers up to 30 or 50.

IMPORTANT: Group classes increase the child’s interest in what is happening. The sense of competition, strongly developed in preschool age in most children, will not allow the child to be distracted.

Game "Connect the numbers"

Fun math questions and problems:

How many legs do three cats have and how many legs do two birds have?
How many ears are there in two mice?
Mom Natasha has a daughter Masha, a cat Fluff and a dog Druzhok. How many daughters does mom have?
What is heavier: 1 kg of stones or 1 kg of fluff?

The hare has five hares

They are sitting on the grass with their mother.

Another hare has three

They're all white, look!

What is three and five?

Pears fell from the branches to the ground

The pears cried, tears dropped

Katya collected them in a basket

I gave everything away to my friends in kindergarten:

Two for Pavlushka, three for Seryozha,

Marinka and Arinka,

Masha, Nadya and Oksana

And one thing, of course, for mom.

Calculate quickly

How many are Katya's friends?

Five geese were flying in the sky

The two decided to have lunch

And one is to take a break.

How many hit the road?

Mother hen brought

Seven chickens go for a walk in the garden.

All chickens are like flowers.

Five sons, how many daughters?

Four blue plums

They hung on a tree.

The children ate two plums

And how many didn’t make it?

IMPORTANT: Encourage your child’s interest in such tasks, praise if he tries to come up with similar problems on his own.

Preparing for school: developmental reading tasks for children

Reading– one of the most important disciplines. The better a child learns to read, the easier it will be for him to study at school. The purpose of training— explain to the child the principles and rules of reading, get the preschooler to confidently read letters, syllables and short words.

IMPORTANT: Due to the fact that information is perceived by young children somewhat differently than by adults, reading instruction should only be taught in a playful way.

Child Reading Plan simple enough:

Teach your child the letters in this order: all vowels, hard voiced consonants, voiceless and hissing consonants.
Achieve quick and error-free identification of letters.
Teach your child to read sounds, that is, to pronounce the letters he already knows together. Start with syllables that are easy to read and pronounce (na, ma, la, yes) and gradually move on to more complex ones (zhu, ku, gu, fo).
Proceed to reading short words consisting of several simple syllables (ma-ma, ba-ba, o-la, cat, house).
Every day make the task a little more difficult, introduce a few difficult words.
When your child learns to read words, move on to reading short sentences.
After your child learns to read in sentences, you can use various developmental tasks in teaching.

IMPORTANT: During classes, ensure the purity of pronunciation of sounds, explain at what point in the sentence you need to pause between words.

Game "Find the word". Invite your child to find a specific word in a small unfamiliar text. Moreover, this must be done within a certain time (for example, one minute).

“Loudly, quietly, to myself”. Ask your child to read either quietly, or loudly, or to himself. According to your instructions, he should switch from one type of reading to another as quickly as possible. Make sure that the pace of reading does not change.

"Syllables on cards". Write the syllables on the cards so that you can make words from them. Ask your child to help the lost syllables find their friends and form words. Play the game daily, gradually adding new syllables.

"Vowels consonants". Have the child name or write as many consonant letters and then vowels in 30 seconds.

"Answers on questions". Prepare a few simple questions based on the text. Encourage your child to find answers to these questions while reading the text.

"Reading with interference." Teach your child to read regardless of the environment. Turn on music or TV for a while while reading. Ensure that the child continues to read without paying attention to the change in background sound.

"Letter size." Reading texts with different fonts should not be a problem for a child. To do this, encourage him to print and read letters of different sizes on his own every day.

“Words are shapeshifters”. Show your child words that change their meaning when read backwards: “cat - current”, “cart - call”, etc. Explain that you should always read from left to right.

"Reading Through Gritted Teeth". Complicate the usual daily reading with an unusual fun task: the child must read without opening his teeth. After reading the text, you need to retell it.

"Missed a letter". Write 5 - 10 words familiar to him, missing one letter in each of them. Ask your future first grader to fill in the missing letters in the words.

"Similar words." Write several pairs of words that are similar in spelling but different in meaning: “cat - whale”, “hand - river”, “house - smoke”. Ask your child to read the pairs and explain the meaning of each word.

"Read in a minute". Invite your child to read the same text “at speed” every day. Notice that every day he reads faster and more clearly, and moves further in the allotted minute. For clarity, it is better to use an hourglass.

Sometimes children have difficulty completing developmental reading tasks. This happens for the following reasons:

Uncertainty. To make sure that a syllable or word is read correctly, the child rereads it several times in a row.
Distracted attention. Preschoolers quickly lose interest in what they consider boring activities.
Lack of concentration. The child cannot perceive the entire word, but concentrates attention only on the first few letters or syllables.
Small vocabulary. The child pronounces unfamiliar words hesitantly when reading.
Bad memory. The child does not remember letters, sounds, and forgets the principle of formation of syllables and words.
Disorders of the speech apparatus, chronic diseases of the ENT organs (otitis media, enlarged tonsils).

Video: How to teach a child to read?

Preparing for school, developmental writing tasks for children

The greatest difficulties for all first-graders, without exception, arise when completing graphic tasks. This happens for three reasons:

lack of child interest
immaturity of the hand muscles
inexperience

To facilitate the process of mastering writing at school, parents should start working with their child as early as early age. Game educational tasks will help to interest the preschooler.

"Labyrinth". Invite your child to find a way out of the maze for a mouse running away from a cat, or a bunny that has fallen behind its mother. Using a pen or pencil, you need to show the animal the right path.

“Complete the drawing.” Draw a bouquet of flowers and invite your child to finish drawing a vase for the bouquet, let him put fish in an empty aquarium, or draw a door in the house. The more similar tasks a child completes, the more confident he will be in holding a pencil.

"Drawing by dots". Ask your child to connect the dots to make a drawing. If your child has difficulty completing this task, prompt him.

"Hatching". Ask your child to do any exercises where you need to shade the drawing. These tasks are required to practice graphic movements. During execution, make sure that the lines are directed from top to bottom, from left to right.

IMPORTANT: The development of fine motor skills in children is facilitated by modeling, games with mosaics, construction sets, beads, and finger gymnastics.

When your child learns to confidently hold a pencil in his hands, encourage him to trace along the dotted line. You can immediately trace funny children’s pictures, then the letters or their elements.

Preparing for school: developmental tasks for children's speech development

You can easily and naturally develop your child’s speech with the help of fun tasks and exciting games.

"Impromptu". Prepare 5 - 7 cards with situations or actions familiar to the child depicted on them. Place the cards face down in front of your child. Invite him to choose any card and ask him to come up with a story based on it. To make it interesting for the child, you can involve other family members in completing the task and organize a competition for the best story.

"Associations". Show your child a picture that depicts some action familiar to him (birds fly south, a woman buys bread, children go to kindergarten, etc.). Ask your child to name the words that he associates with the image in the picture.

Adjective game. Ask your child to form adjectives from the words provided by answering the questions: “which”, “which”, “which”?

Light (light, light, light)
Home (home, home, home)
Wood (wooden, wooden, wooden)
Iron (iron, iron, iron)
Snow (snowy, snowy, snowy)
Sand (sandy, sandy, sandy)

Synonyms and antonyms. Ask your child to choose words that are similar and opposite in meaning to randomly chosen adjectives.

Regular speech therapy exercises will help achieve purity of pronunciation of sounds:

"Angry cat". The child's mouth is open, the tongue rests on the lower teeth, while it is arched the way a cat arches its back when it is angry.

"Pencil". Place the pencil in front of the child, at the level of his lips, on any hard flat surface. Ask the child to place the edge of the tongue on the lower lip and in this position blow strongly on the pencil. The exercise is considered completed if the pencil rolls.

"Nut". The child rests his tongue first on the right cheek, then on the left. At the same time, the mouth is closed, the muscles of the cheeks and tongue are tense.

"Snake". The mouth is open. The child extends and hides his tongue so that it does not touch either his lips or teeth.

"Watch". The child's lips are parted and smiling. The tip of the tongue touches either the right or left corners of the lips.

"Toothbrush". Use the tip of your tongue to imitate the actions of a toothbrush. Thus, it is necessary to “clean” the lower and upper teeth, inside and out. In this case, it is important that the lower jaw remains motionless.

"Fence". The child shows a “fence” of teeth for 10–15 seconds, smiling as widely as possible to do this.

IMPORTANT: If you cannot correct the pronunciation of some sounds on your own, parents should contact a speech therapist.

Preparing children for school at home: educational games

Home preparation for school involves systematic parent-child activities. It is important to devote at least a few hours a day to your preschooler, turning everyday activities and regular walks together into exciting games. Parents should show their imagination, find an individual approach to their child, and act according to his interests.

Here are just a few options for joint educational games with a preschooler:

“Give me the number.” While walking, ask your child to name the numbers of houses and passing vehicles indicated on the signs.

“How many trees?” Together, count all the trees that come your way during your walk. You can also count cars passing by, all of them or a certain color (size, brand).

“Who switched places?” Place 8 – 10 in front of the child soft toys, ask him to look at them carefully and then turn away. At this time, swap a few toys. When the child turns around, let him try to guess who switched places.

"Favorite cartoon." Watch his favorite cartoon with your child. Ask questions about its content, ask your child to tell you what it is about.

"A Tale for Grandma". Read a fairy tale to your child. Ask to tell your grandmother (dad, aunt, sister) what this fairy tale is about, describe the characters, their appearance and character.

Regular modeling, drawing, playing puzzles and mosaics will captivate the child and, at the same time, contribute to the development of fine motor skills of the fingers.

IMPORTANT: Don’t rush your child, don’t get angry if he doesn’t succeed in something right away. Educational games should not only educate the child, but also become entertainment for him.

Preparing children for school at home: developmental exercises

Developmental exercises with preschoolers can be performed not only in a notebook, sitting at a desk, but also on the street. Lessons on fresh air will appeal to every child and will be remembered for a long time.

"Seasons".

Take a walk with your child autumn alley. Show your future student the colorful leaves of different trees. Talk about the seasons and the changes in nature that occur with the onset of autumn, winter, spring and summer. Let your child choose a few beautiful leaves and keep them at home, between the pages of a thick book. When the leaves are dry, have your child trace them on a piece of paper and color them.
IN snowy winter days go out together to feed the sparrows and titmice. Tell your child about wintering and migratory birds. At home, ask to draw the birds you liked the most.
in spring Show your child the first flowers to bloom. Tell us that there are wildflowers, forest flowers, and garden flowers. Ask to perform a sound analysis of the words: “rose”, “snowdrop”, “buttercup”, “forget-me-not”.
During summer walks Draw your child's attention to the increase in temperature outside. Explain that there are summer and winter clothes. Have your child name the clothes to wear in summer, autumn, winter and spring. At home, ask your child to draw summer.

“Applique of cereals and pasta”. Invite your child to make an applique using rice, buckwheat, pasta, semolina, peas and other cereals. Such exercises are good for developing fine motor skills. Use PVA glue in your work.

"Snowflakes". Teach your child to cut out snowflakes. On a sheet of paper folded 4 and 8 times, ask him to cut out different geometric figures. Unfold the snowflakes and evaluate the result.

"Fruits and vegetables from plasticine." Show your child how you can easily mold fruits and vegetables from multi-colored plasticine. The child must immediately roll the ball and turn it into the desired fruit or vegetable. The easiest way to make a bunch of grapes, beets or carrots is a little more difficult.

Developmental lesson “Seasons”

Psychological and emotional preparation of children for school: tasks, games, exercises

The onset of school life means that preschool period finished. Children have to quickly adapt to new conditions, get used to the academic load, and get to know teachers and classmates.

To make the adaptation period as easy as possible, parents and teachers try to prepare the child for the upcoming changes in life. Group games and exercises are most successful.

"Same color". Two groups of children need to find it in 10 seconds greatest number items of the same color. The group that finds the most items wins.

"Magic Circle". Children are asked to trace a circle according to the template and complete any geometric shapes to create a drawing. When everyone has completed the task, the teacher organizes a drawing competition.

"Repetitions." In a group of children of 5 - 7 people, a leader is chosen. The leader comes forward and shows the children any pose. Children try to copy this pose. The new leader becomes the one who managed to cope with the task better than others.

"Not really". Instead of answering “yes” or “no” to the questions proposed by the teacher, a group of children clap or stomp. You need to agree in advance with the guys that “yes” means clapping, and “no” means stamping your feet. Questions can be chosen arbitrarily, for example:

“Do flowers grow in the field?” and “Are flowers flying in the sky?”
“Is the hedgehog carrying an apple?” and “Does a hedgehog climb trees?”

"Meow, woof." Children sit on chairs. The presenter walks next to the children with his eyes closed, then sits in the arms of one of the sitting children and tries to guess who it is. If the leader guessed right, the child says “meow”; if he made a mistake, he says “woof”.

IMPORTANT: Such activities and games help to develop communication skills in preschoolers, develop confidence in their own strengths and capabilities, adequate self-esteem, and independence.

You can independently determine whether your child is ready to enter school using several simple tests, the results of which can be fully trusted.

Test “Drawing a school”

Give your child a sketchbook and colored pencils. Ask your future first grader to draw a picture of their school. Don’t give your child any hints, don’t help, don’t ask leading questions, don’t rush. Let him independently depict on paper the school that seems to him.

plot
drawing lines
color spectrum

Plot:

2 points– the school is located in the center of the sheet, the picture also contains decorations and decor, trees, bushes, flowers around the school, students and (or) teachers going to school. It is important that the picture depicts the warm season and daylight hours.

0 points– the drawing is asymmetrical (the school building is located close to one of the edges of the sheet), there are no people in the drawing or sad children leaving school are depicted; It’s autumn or winter outside, at night or in the evening.

1 point

Drawing lines:

2 points– the lines of objects are without breaks, carefully drawn, smooth and confident, and have different thicknesses.

0 points– the lines are unclear, weak or careless, the drawing is sketchy; double or broken lines are used.

1 point– the figure contains elements of both characteristics.

Color spectrum:

2 points– predominance of bright and light colors.

0 points- drawing in dark colors.

1 point– the drawing contains both dark and light colors.

The sum of points indicates the child’s readiness for school:

From 5 to 6– the child is ready for school, he has a favorable attitude towards the learning process, and will interact with teachers and classmates.

0 to 1– the child is not ready for school; strong fear will prevent him from studying normally, communicating with classmates and the teacher.

It will help to determine whether the child is focused on attending school, the educational process, and whether he envisions himself as a schoolchild in the near future. Nezhenova test.

IMPORTANT: This test should only be used with children who are already attending preparatory courses at school or are well acquainted with the learning process.

For each of the questions presented, there are three possible answers: A, B, C.

A– focus on learning, worth 2 points

B– orientation towards learning is superficial, not fully formed, attracted by the external bright attributes of school life – 1 point

IN– there is no focus on school and learning, the child prefers extracurricular activities – 0 points

Ask your child next questions, asking you to choose an answer from three options:

Do you want to go to school?

A - yes, very much

B – not sure, don’t know, doubt

B – no, I don’t want to

Why do you want to go to school, what interests you there?

B – I want someone to buy me a nice briefcase, notebooks and uniform, I want new textbooks

B – school is fun, there are breaks, I will have new friends, I’m tired of kindergarten

How are you preparing for school?

A – I learn letters, read, write copybooks, solve examples and problems

B – parents bought a uniform, briefcase or other school supplies

B – I draw, play, sculpt from plasticine

What do you like about school?

A – lessons, classroom activities

B – changes, teacher, new desks, type of school and other things that are not directly related to the process of learning and gaining knowledge

B – physical education and (or) drawing lesson

If you didn't go to school or kindergarten, what would you do at home?

A – read, wrote letters and numbers, solved problems

B – played with construction sets and drew

B – looked after a cat (or other pet), walked, helped mom

0 – 4 – the child does not realize that he will go to school, does not show interest in the upcoming education

5 – 8 – there is a superficial interest in the learning process, this is the initial stage in the formation of the student’s position

9 – 10 – the attitude towards school is positive, the child feels like a schoolchild.

Diagnostics of children’s general preparation for school: tests

Diagnosis of children's general preparation for school is carried out by a psychologist using special tests. Here are some of them:

Test "Yes - No". The psychologist asks the child to answer questions in any way, the main thing is that he does not use the words “Yes” and “No.” The child tries to pick up the right words, is focused on not breaking the rules, so his answers will be as truthful as possible.

Do you want to go to school?
Do you like fairy tales?
Do you like cartoons?
Do you want to stay in kindergarten?
Do you like to play?
Do you want to study?
Do you like to get sick?
You have friends?
Do you know what time of year it is?

When assessing the results, the teacher determines whether the answer satisfies the rules of the task. Answers: “yeah” or “nope” are not an error. One error = 1 point. All answers are correct – 0 points.

0 – 2 – attention is sufficiently developed

3 -5 - moderately or poorly developed

5 – 10 - poor, unsatisfactory attention

Determination of motivational readiness. The psychologist asks a number of questions, gives the child time to think and reason, and helps if difficulties arise:

State your name and age
First name, patronymic and last name of mother and father
Where do you live?
Name your family members
What interests you in your city?
What to do if you see a person who has fallen?
When do buds and leaves appear on trees?
Why is an army needed?
How and where do you cross the road? This is right?
How can you tell if it has rained recently?
Why do you need ears and nose?
Do you want to go to school? What will you do there?
How many days are there in a week?
How many seasons are there? Months? Name them
Your favorite and least favorite professions
What do you like to watch on TV?
What country do you live in? What other countries do you know?
If you hurt your knee and started bleeding, what should you do?
What utensils do you have in your kitchen?
What products do you know?
Which animals are domestic and which are wild? What is the difference?
What is a day? Night?
If you borrowed a toy from a friend to play with and lost it, what would you do?
Count from 1 to 10 and back, name the number that comes before 5 and after 8
What is greater than 2 or 3?
What's interesting at school?
How do you behave when visiting?
Why aren't children allowed to play with matches and fire?
What does it mean: “If you love to ride, you also love to carry a sled”?
How are people different from animals?
What do they pay money for in a store, on a bus, in a movie?
Who is Gagarin?
What will you do if you see a house burning?

When assessing the results, the child’s ability to reason and conduct a conversation is assessed.

"Snake". Test to determine the level of development of fine motor skills. In 30 seconds, the child must draw dots in the circles. The more points he manages to leave, the better. One point = 1 point. When calculating points, only those points that fall into the circle are taken into account. Points on the border are not counted.

34 or more– excellent development

18 – 33 - above average

12 – 17 – insufficient development

11 or less– low level, unsatisfactory result.

If a psychologist, after conducting tests, comes to the conclusion that the child needs to stay in kindergarten for another year, parents should listen to the opinion of a specialist. Perhaps this year will change a lot in the child’s life; during this time he will understand his role in school and will show interest in acquiring knowledge.

Video: Preparing for school, preparing children for school, preparing a child for school

There are a lot of activities aimed at developing a child’s thinking and they can easily diversify a child’s leisure time. solving riddles, coloring books, copybooks, and various logic tasks... On this page we have collected a variety of tasks for the diversified development of children from 3 to 7 years old.

Click on the pictures to enlarge them. You can then save the image to your computer and print it for an activity with your child.

Developmental activities for children 3-4 years old

Developmental activities for children 5 years and older

We develop memory, thinking, attention and fine motor skills.

Developmental activities for children 5-6 years old

We develop memory, thinking, attention and fine motor skills.

Comments

#1Katerina07/09/2015 15:56 I found so many useful and interesting things on your site! Thank you!

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